Levendary Cafe for the China Challenge Case Study- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theLevendary Cafe for the China Challenge Case Study Analysis. Answer: The advantages and disadvantages of standardization of operations of multinational enterprises offering a brand in multiple international locations Globalization has impacted the international business widely, as the business activities have witnessed an acceleration across the national boundaries. As a result of globalization, the development on a side of the globe affects another side at the same time (Shenkar, Luo Chi 2015). The multinational organizations (MNEs) start their global business with the knowledge advantage of the home country. Although, the knowledge of the home country provides different advantages. The standardized components are usually associated with the home knowledge activities. The subsidiaries might be operating in emerging markets with lower cost resources and at the same time, they cooperate with subsidiaries located in knowledge-intensive markets through standardization (Meyer, Mudambi Narula 2011). A Significant imbalance exists between the global and local literature of international business (Cheng 2007). The homogeneity of the markets allows for standardized strategies. Standardization is the process of applying the standards of the domestic market, including the tangible and intangible attributes in the foreign markets. The standardization supporters assume that the greater marketing incentives, communication technology and the increasing global rivalry have resulted in standardization. They also assume that standardization has advantages represented in the attractiveness of it as a global marketing strategy for many global companies. According to Haron (2016), it results in economies of scale, uniform global image, knowledge transfer and easier control, as follows: Economies of scale: Companies are allowed to obtain a competitive edge, business significance over the nationally oriented competitors. The mass production of the standardized product results in cost reduction and higher profits. Uniform global image: As product dynamics are constant, advertising and services are introduced in the same way regardless of the market of destination, a uniform global image is represented. Knowledge transfer: experience is likely to transfer from one international market to another as a result of cooperation and integration of the marketing activities. Easier control: As the same product and marketing strategies are used across international markets, standardization facilitates monitoring, coordination and Quality standards are easier to be implemented, production methods and brand awareness. On the other side, the opponents of standardization argue that it leads to lower sales and revenues when the product and its marketing strategy are inconsistent with the environment of the foreign country. The disadvantages could be discussed according to Haron (2016), as follows: Governmental and trade restrictions: the legal framework in the host country might limit the product standardization through imposing a local tariff, promotional rules and The marketing infrastructure: The nature of the marketing infrastructure differs according to the level of economic development. This is likely to work against the standardized strategy. The differences between the customers' interests, preferences and The variations in the competitive conditions between the world countries. The qualities of Louis Chen that led to success in the Chinese market Louis Chen has the management qualifications that enabled him to earn the confidence of the CEO Leventhal and the key stakeholders of Levendary Caf. He is energetic and have an entrepreneurial spirit that enabled him to establish a strong position in the market to franchise outlets throughout the Chinese market. Chen has adopted the localization strategy to be able to connect with the younger generation in China that represent the future. Also, he made many changes in the menu in general and it was also differentiated among the several locations within the Chinese market (Bartlett Han 2013). The national diversity is very important as it is related to the variation of skills due to different nationalities. According to Watson et al. (1993), as cited in Haas Nuesch (2012), the project team with national diversity are likely to outperform the homogenous teams in the long run. Chen could expand in 23 locations in Beijing and Shanghai. The first location in Pudong was established according to Levendary's design standards and the menu as well, but the other locations witnessed wide changes (Bartlett Han 2013). The multinational business requires a manager who can be the main responsible for setting the goals of the team, directions, teamwork organization and support to fulfill the business goals (Hajro 2010). Chen as an experienced manager could manage the team in China, he could manage the business with full freedom before the Foster time as CEO. CEO Mia Fosters ability to effectively train an international manager The multinational teams could be evaluated in a negative way according to their nationality. They might be considered as less job-related based on the social identity theory. The development of the skills of the international manager determines the team performance. Conflicts occur between the members of different subgroups that affect the decision-making process in the main group and negatively affect the team outputs (Haas Nuesch 2012; Kraus et al. 2017). This is the case between Foster the CEO and Chen the manager of the Chinese operations. As she has faced many difficulties in running the business in China due to Chen resistance to change. They had completely difference views of the best way to run the business (Bartlett Han 2013). In order to effectively train an international manager, Foster could act according to McDonnell et al. (2010) and Cerimagic Smith (2011), as follows: Continuously identify the main positions that contribute significantly in the business and the areas of development. Training and development of a talent pool of the high-performing leaders to fill these positions. Development of a differentiated human resource management to facilitate the learning process and enhance the skills of the managers to be able to lead these positions. A preparation training including induction programs relevant to the foreign country should be provided to the international manager. Mangers should consider the importance of such training programs that should be dynamic and up to date. The quality of the provided training should be revised regularly and matched to the skills required to fill the position of international managers. Strategies that Mia Foster could implement to develop a highly effective multinational team The multinational teams share some characteristics and differ in others due to cultural diversity. The multicultural teams are likely to bring different perspectives based on their culture with respect to work procedures, decision making and norms. Most of the multicultural teams could only meet virtually through computer-mediated communication tools rather than face to face meetings due to the geographical distance. Foster needs to hire multicultural, highly skilled and well-trained leaders with special characteristics to be able to influence the followers' attitudes and master the global environment. This leader should be able to communicate with the entire team and helps in creating shared meanings and trust among the team members (Lisak Erez 2015). Also, providing the suitable training to the team members is likely to result in better communication, enhanced learning and positive attitude towards colleagues and work (Mabey 2014). Moreover, the international business environment has to be dynamic and adaptive to changes. Foster has to implement managerial strategies to ensure that conflict in the workplace is prevented. The conflict is sourced from the nature of the operations of the international business organizations. They are affected by the political, social and economic environment of the host country. Their impact on the organization is mainly represented in the organizational culture, the perception of wage, opposition against ethnicity and inequality (Zorlu Hac?oglu 2012). The role in which global headquarters should play in managing the operations of a foreign subsidiary The headquarters are units responsible for performing managerial and administrative tasks, they are usually separated in location from the other production units of the organization. They are the units that have the power of decision making, they decide the nature of the organization, the breadth of geographical operations and the nature of the decisions they take. The separation of headquarters from other facilities is symbolic. They exist in order to add value to the organization beyond the value added by the other business units. It is responsible for achieving the economies of scale and raising capital through the managerial functions. It also deals with corporate governance issues concerning the rights of the shareholders and the legal obligations to manage the organizational activities and the corporate finance. The headquarters are responsible for attracting and pooling the various financial resources. Bloom Grant (2011) argues that a shared service model could be employed by the headquarters to provide services to other organizational units, including human resources, finance and marketing. Moreover, as senior executive work in a common location, communication becomes easier and taking collective decisions is facilitated. On contrary to these suggestions, the larger organizations might have multiple management centers and multiple headquarters. The CEO and the direct reporters are usually based in one location. The other headquarters vary in the functions they do, the size, geographic location and the relations that take place among the headquarters (Bloom Grant 2011). The multinational corporations are described as a semi-autonomous of units responsible for controlling different resources. The subsidiary-headquarters involve mixed motive relationships as both of the two sides try to optimize their own interests and contribute to the organizational efficiency as a whole at the same time. Accordingly, headquarters manage the organizational resources of the subsidiary units and attract ideas and strategic insights from them in return. The organizational strategic thinking is usually dominated by the thoughts of the subsidiaries. The most important thing to the subsidiaries is to take independent strategic decisions and to gain bargaining power over other players (Ambos Birkinshaw 2010). The level of decision-making autonomy the management of a foreign subsidiary should be given in strategic and operational level functions The headquarters allow the subsidiaries to make strategic choices in order to acquire specific knowledge of the host country. Subsidiaries could negotiate the strategic choices with limitations. It could not be ignored that the subsidiaries benefit from the headquarters attention. The strategic configuration reflects the ability of the subsidiary to attract resources from the host country that decides the degree of autonomy from the headquarters. The strategic configuration results in the variations among the headquarters. According to Ambos Birkinshaw (2010), the subsidiaries have three strategic characteristics. The first is autonomy that accounts for the decision-making hierarchy. The second is the inter-unit power that reflects the degree of relatedness of the subsidiary to the other units in the MNC. Third, the subsidiary initiatives and roles to achieve the entrepreneurial actions. Although the three factors usually work together, sometimes they work in contradictory direction s that result in the strategic choice that determinate the subsidiary role in the MNC. In fact, subsidiaries strive to get a high level of strategic choice to perform in the local market. Many researchers as Chandler (1991), Rugman and Verbeke (2001) and Bouquet and Birkinshaw (2008) as cited in Ambos Birkinshaw (2010) argued that there is a role of "attention" that describes the relationship between the subsidiaries and the headquarters as the latest would like to identify and apply new ideas. The case of Levendary Caf reveals that Foster's attention to the China subsidiary has resulted in changing the accounting system from the Chinese accepted format in the U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). The system adopted by Chen has contradicted the caf chain main strategy of the accounting system. Chen also conducted the adaptation strategy to match the local market needs which resulted in conflicting issues with the CEO that judged him as managing the subsidiary with complete autonomy (Bartlett Han 2013). Examples and evaluation of the foreign subsidiary which was supported by direct global headquarters involvement and a foreign subsidiary which had more freedom and minimal global headquarters intervention. An example of the direct global headquarters, involvement could be the increasing attention of the global companies devoted to their operations in India and China as they are highly interested in expanding their business in the emerging markets. The degree of involvement in the subsidiary business has exceeded the follow up of financial investments to become a daily follow up to the top management in these markets. Cisco has moved its headquarter to India as the market is growing and becoming more important over the last years. Despite this, the headquarter attention did not introduce opportunities to the subsidiaries as the standardized strategy adopted by them were implemented on a global basis that mismatched the local market needs (Bloom Grant 2011; Werner 2002). In contrast, YouTube video service is a subsidiary of Google, but its strategies and operations have the full autonomy even though it is owned by Google (Casini 2014). Another example is from China, as it has no law on franchising which allowed the foreign companies to establish many outlets as the chain restaurants. They are either operated by the headquarters or sold to master franchisers that usually comes from Taiwan (Schlevogt 2000). For the subsidiaries, this decision represented a chance for more autonomy to be able to use their bargaining power. I believe that the second approach of giving more autonomy to the subsidiaries is more beneficial to the MNC as it allows for future expansions and presence in the local market by adapting the local market requirements. References Ambos, T Birkinshaw, J 2010, 'Headquarters attention and its effect on subsidiary performance', Manag Int Rev, vol 50, pp. 449469. Bartlett, C Han, A 2013, 'Levendary Caf: The China Challenge ', Harvard Business School Publishing Brief Cases, USA. Bloom, M Grant, M 2011, 'Valuing headquarters (HQs): Analysis of the role, value and benefit of HQs in global value chains', The Conference Board of Canada, Canada. Casini, B 2014, 'Headquarters-subsidiaries relationship: Scholz Friends case', Libera University International, Italy. Cerimagic, S Smith, J 2011, 'Screening and selecting project managers for the Middle East', University of Salford, UK. Cheng, J 2007, 'Critical issues in international management research: An agenda for future advancement', European J. International Management, vol 1, no. 1/2, pp. 23-38. Haas, H Nuesch, S 2012, 'Are multinational teams more successful?', The International Journal of Human Resource Management, vol 23, no. 15, pp. 31053113. Hajro, A 2010, 'An analysis of core-competences of successful multinational team leaders', International Journal of Cross-Cultural Management, vol 10, no. 2, pp. 175194. Haron, A 2016, 'Standardized versus localized strategy: The role of cultural patterns in society on consumption and market research', Journal of Accounting Marketing, vol 5, no. 1, pp. 1-4. Kraus, S, Niemand, T, Besler, M, Stieg, P Martinez-Ciment, C 2017, 'The influence of leadership styles on the internationalization of born-global firms and traditionally global-expanding firms', European J. International Management, pp. 1-21. Lisak, A Erez, M 2015, 'Leadership emergence in multicultural teams: The power of global characteristics', Journal of World Business, vol 3, no. 14, pp. 3-14. Mabey, C 2014, Developing effective managers and leaders, Heriot-Watt University, UK. McDonnell, A, Lamare, R, Gunnigle, P Lavelle, J 2010, 'Developing tomorrows leadersEvidence of global talent management in multinational enterprises', Journal of World Business, vol 45, pp. 150160. Meyer, K, Mudambi, R Narula, R 2011, 'Multinational enterprises and local contexts: The opportunities and challenges of multiple embeddedness', Journal of Management Studies, vol 48, no. 2, pp. 235-252. Schlevogt, K 2000, 'Doing business in China: Investing and managing in China-how to dance with the Dragon', Thunderbird International Business Review, vol 42, no. 2, pp. 201-226. Shenkar, O, Luo, Y Chi, T 2015, International business, Taylor Francis, New York. Werner, S 2002, 'Recent developments in international management research: A review of 20 top management journals', Journal of Management, vol 28, no. 3, pp. 277305. Zorlu, K Hac?oglu, U 2012, 'The conflict issue in international business and the global leadership', International Conference on Leadership, Technology and Innovation Management, vol 41, pp. 100 107.

Our Changing Society Essay Sample free essay sample

As the universe moves towards a highly-technological hereafter. the people face assorted alterations in the universe we live in. These people encounter important promotions that greatly affect their lives. their perspective towards the universe. and the manner they interact with other people. This includes group interactions which are normally done to better interpersonal dealingss of people from assorted Fieldss and walks of life. Nowadays. these group interactions are non done merely in a face-to-face mode ; they can besides be conducted with computing machine mediation. Through engineering. the context of interpersonal communicating and interaction has been changed through clip. There are several pros and cons when it comes to this affair. With computing machine mediation. people from longer distances can interact with one another. Communication is illimitable. and no geographic boundary can maintain groups of people from interacting. The cyberspace and other agencies of decreasing these communicating barriers have come in ready to hand when it comes to these affairs. We will write a custom essay sample on Our Changing Society Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Wireless fidelity has set the people free of cords or wires that limit them from freely traveling while discoursing. These technological promotions have besides changed the society’s position on how communicating and interaction with these groups are to be done. However. there are some jobs with this alteration in our society. Ethical issues can be one of these jobs. as some people can freely voice out anything through these computing machine mediated group interactions. There are besides some who chose to respond to the full if they are standing face to face with another individual. Again. it still depends on the state of affairs. or the individual affected. on how they will respond to this.Change is truly inevitable. and it has been a planetary tendency. As our society continues to alter. we. the people populating in these societies are expected to alter every bit good. It is a natural reaction to go wary of these alterations. but in the terminal. we all have to cover with it. Change is the lone lasting thing in this universe.

Distance education programs an Example by

Distance education programs Introduction The topic of distance learning programs, of those existing in tribal colleges and the concept of introducing DL into other tribally controlled establishments, is the following compilation of information, questing for the answer if distance learning programs have a benefit to those within the tribal and reservation communities. Several subtopics will be discussed throughout the course of the document, covering the topics of tribal colleges and some history in relation to the formation of this academic institution (through examination of two college programs), highlights of distance learning programs and their contents, brief details regarding current reservation life, and the learning styles, based on traditional upbringing and values, of Native American students, along with profound percentages of drop-out rates, proceeding to a conclusion. Need essay sample on "Distance education programs" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Tribal Colleges Two tribal colleges, of the 24 tribally controlled institutions (2002), Oglala Lakota College and Northwest Indian College, stand out for examination of history, degree offerings, and availability of distance learning programs. Oglala Lakota College The first tribally controlled college in the United States, OLC is located in Kyle, South Dakota; this is the main center, otherwise known as Plya Wiconi (OLC website). Since its beginnings, several other sites have been set up throughout the state to facilitate educating tribal communities, of the Lakota nation in particular. This academic institution is located on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, considered the poorest reservation, by economic standards. Sanctioned and governed by the tribe, the college seeks to meet the needs of the reservation residents in pursuit of higher education. A 13 member Board of Trustees, comprised of nine reservation district representatives, two tribal council members, one OST president or someone of designation, and one student representative, oversee decisions, new ideas, projects plans, etc.. Chartered in 1971 as the Lakota Education Center, OLC started as a non-accredited learning center for tribal residents, working in correlation with Black Hills State College, University of South Dakota, and South Dakota State University with various degree programs. Although considered a complicated educational system, it was functional for students attending those beginning years (OLC website). The first associate degrees were awarded in 1974, and in 1978, the colleges name changed to Oglala Sioux Community College. Degree offerings at the time were: BA Elementary Education, AA Education, General Studies, and Lakota Studies, along with AS Human Services and Nursing. The 1980s saw many changes for OLC, starting with eligibility for accreditation in 1983, along with another name change which reflected the status from a community college to a four year academic institution, along with using proper terms, according to linguistics and cultural awareness. Oglala Lakota College became the name for the college; there is no word in the communitys language for the word Sioux, therefore the word Lakota, meaning the people, came into use (OLC website). 1987, into the decade of the 90s, specifically 1992 and 1994, saw expansions with existing programs and degree availability. The following degrees became available to students: BA Lakota Studies, BS Human Services and Applied Sciences, and MA Tribal Leadership. Currently, in regards to distance learning programs, the Information Technology department for OLC uses distance learning/online program tools; otherwise, the idea of creating and utilizing a fully functional and profitable-both for the college and the student body-distance learning program is under examination for consideration of expansion of the colleges available programs. OLC board members believe in the philosophy of on-line courses, because of the concept of self-paced study, can present an opportunity to fit academia into regular life (OLC website). Northwest Indian College Founded in 1973 on the Lummi Indian Reservation in Washington State, NWIC began as the Lummi Indian School of Aquaculture; to this day, this academic establishment stands as the only accredited tribal college covering the states of Washington, Oregon, and Idaho (NWIC website). Since the beginning, the philosophy of NWIC has been to provide post-secondary education within the reservation community and that self-awareness serves as the foundation for achieving confidence, esteem, a true sense of pride, focuses on building a career, creating a self-sufficient lifestyle, and promoting life-long learning through the study of culture, values, and history of the people of the tribal community (NWIC website). The Lummi Indian Business Council recognized the educational needs of the community in 1983, and therefore chartered the school as the Lummi Community College. Five years later, the college was approved for accreditation by the Northwest Association of Schools and Colleges but was not granted full accreditation until 1993. 1989 saw the name change once again, and the academic establishment became known as the Northwest Indian College, becoming recognized as a four year academic establishment (NWIC website). The degrees and certificates available through the college are: AA Native American Studies, Oksale Native Education, and General Direct Transfer Degree; AS Life Sciences; AT Chemical Dependency Studies, Computer Maintenance and Networking, and Individualized Program. Certificate programs are: Native American Studies, Computer Repair Technician, and Individualized Program. Northwest Indian College currently has a fully functional distance learning program, which covers three different availabilities for learning away from the campus environment. Live interactive video, which utilizes K-20 Network (specifically in regards to the tri-state coverage), and connects the following tribal communities, to learning through the network: Makah, Swinomish, Tulalip, and Chief Leschi. On-line learning uses WebCT (other tribal colleges are turning towards this outlet for learning or experimenting with its availability and usage), which offers web-based courses; this can be entirely online study or implemented as a supplemental content to a standard classroom course. Students with a computer, web browser, and connection to the internet are eligible for this program outlet. Independent learning, taking another direction, is an individual, self-paced study directed by an instructor through the use of written materials or weekly teleconferences or videotapes. Communicati on between instructor and student occurs through phone, fax, or email (NWIC website). Distance Learning Programs As early as 2002, growth in on-line distance programs has been noticed. At the time, over half a million students were enrolled for the 2001-2002 academic year. Turning that into tuition dollars, the investment for on-line enrollment stood at $2.4 billion (Gallagher, 2003). A 40% annual growth was predicted to follow in the 2003-2004 academic year, which signified a 5% increase in distance learning programs. Distance learning seems to be fueled by the development and technical advances of web-based technology (Gruedemann, 2007). The consistency of serving local communities, and reaching out to long distance learners as well (considered the newest wave in marketing techniques to continue earning profits for colleges offering distance learning programs), making the programs accessible and flexible to adult students, based on quality and cost, while addressing various program requirements, is the basis of distance learning programs, encompassing various methods of accomplishing academic goals (Gallagher, 2003). Although some faculty members and students struggle to learn and teach within the guidelines of altered roles, and there is evidence of lack of face to face interaction, the benefits of distance learning programs are found through the ease of determined time for studying and meeting assignment deadlines for turning in finished materials, active learning is involved in motivating the student to take part in acquiring knowledge, preparation for real-life work is more tangible, critical thinking skills improve with independent study, and a satisfaction with the learning style can be noted among some students (Gruendemann, 2007). Reservation life-current conditions Although, since the first contact and over the course of history, European Americans have often distorted the reality of Native American communities through romanticizism, stereotyping, and appropriating spirituality, the opposite is to be found within the tribal community (Waller, Okamoto, Hankerson, Hibbeler, Hibbeler, McIntyre, and McAllen-Walker, 2002). There are currently 202 tribes, with 1.5 million residing on reservation land. Native Americans living on reservations still continue to experience high rates of unemployment and low life expectancy among the highest anywhere in the country. Reservations such as the Cheyenne Indian River Reservation, located in South Dakota, lacks water systems, making sanitary conditions nearly impossible, and the tribal members who are employed, survive on less than one-third of the American average income (Gundrum, 2007). The best known example of poor living conditions and the nations most economically devastated community is the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, also located in South Dakota. This reservation has been the focal point of many events in history; the Wounded Knee Massacre of 1890 which US cavalry men massacred 300 men, women, and children, the AIM (American Indian Movement) headquarters of the 1970s, several stand offs between traditionalists and the federal government, resulting in hi storical events such as the Leonard Peltier case of 1977 (Gundrum, 2007). Native American students and learning styles In 1979, the BIA (Bureau of Indian Affairs), funded 14, 600 undergraduate students and 700 graduate students; of those numbers, 1,639 received undergraduate degrees and 434 graduate degrees (Waller, Okamoto, Hankerson, Hibbeler, Hibbeler, McIntyre, and McAllen-Walker, 2002). As of 2002, 24 tribally controlled colleges were serving 10,000 students. Even with the increase in numbers for student enrollment with tribal colleges, there are significantly low percentages of students moving from the high school environment to college academics. Native American students have a high school drop-out rate of over 50%, and are considered the American minority to least likely to enroll and eventually graduate from college (Waller, Okamoto, Hankerson, Hibbeler, Hibbeler, McIntyre, and McAllen-Walker, 2002). Why are these figures so high? The question arises if distance learning program availability could possibly turn this percentage around and lower it instead of allowing it to remain consistent o r worse case, rise in the near future. The educational traditions of Indigenous peoples For educating children and adolescents in the native communities, each nation has, according to traditions and beliefs, its own teachings and methods. Oral history and teaching stories, the most noted methodology of teaching for native children, has long been regarded within tribal communities to be a valuable asset of learing; this is followed by ceremonies, such as puberty rites (typically for girls moving into womanhood) and sweat lodge purification (mostly young boys moving into manhood, by way of vision quests or hunting). Apprenticeships, long used before European contact, typically with respected members of the tribal community or with relatives such as grandparents, aunts, uncles, etc are still found to be in use, along with learning games, which in times gone by, prepared children for adult roles as providers, protectors and nurturing figures within their tribal communities. The most overlooked educational tool of native children, and considering all children everywhere in t he world, is the classic observation of adults, otherwise known as the see, then do method (Waller, Okamoto, Hankerson, Hibbeler, Hibbeler, McIntyre, and McAllen-Walker, 2002). In tribal societies, from pre-European contact to the present, a member of the people is judged by ones contribution to the group as a whole, rather than the Euro-centric philosophy of individualized achievements. Tribal members are considered an essential part of his or her community; therefore achievements are accomplished for the benefit of the entire community. More appropriate teaching and learning strategies may be found through role modeling and cooperative learning styles (Waller, Okamoto, Hankerson, Hibbeler, Hibbeler, McIntyre, and McAllen-Walker, 2002). To compete to win over someone else in the community, without regard for respect for one another, is considered disrespectful and dishonorable. To disregard the entire community for the needs or desires of the individual is to forget being part of the web of life. The concept of time may be a difficult part of the distance learning program baseline for tribal colleges, as within the tribal community, activities or actions are carried through until complete; there is no concept of deadlines (Waller, Okamoto, Hankerson, Hibbeler, Hibbeler, McIntyre, and McAllen-Walker, 2002). Rigid schedules of certain distance learning programs could possible cause conflict with traditional teachings within the tribal communities, although schedules are consistent with the concept of obtaining and maintaining Satisfactory Progress within the distance learning program structure (OLC website). Conclusion In conclusion, distance learning programs can be an asset to the tribal communities of which the tribal colleges are reaching out to serve. Tribally controlled colleges have been serving their communities since the establishment of such academic institutions, and to move into distance learning programs can only profit students of the tribal community. Native American students, taught within the traditional structure of their individual nations, can adapt to the distance learning structure of flexibility, active learning-facilitating more of a hands-on approach to learning, which in turn improves the concept of critical thinking. Working with the time factor may create more ease with following through with a study, which in turn results in satisfaction with the learning style being presented, and in turn, creating a more realistic approach to preparing for the goal of the student: to apply what is learned to real life and to see the rewards of the journey made to real-life work and th e ultimate benefits for the betterment of the tribal community. The concept of more distance program availability within the tribal college structure can also possibly give back to the community in the way of bringing the percentage of high-school drop outs down, creating a motivation to keep those figures down and for Native American students to excel in the academic world to achieve goals that, even though may appear to be based on individual satisfaction and achievement, the results can be taken back into the tribal communities to benefit the nation as a whole. Distance learning programs are also reaching out to adult learners in the tribal communities, as more and more adults are returning to achieve or finish educational goals. Adults within the community still carry influence as to what children and adolescents will choose to do with their own lives, continuing to foster the see, then do methodology of learning. If adults within the tribal community can achieve success within the academic structure, then the influence upon the youth of the community can be a positive one. Also, as more and more colleges are experiencing lower enrollments for the more traditional programs, be they tribal colleges or academic institutions not in correlation with the reservation communities, a method of keeping enrollment figures consistent is being examined, experimented with, trialed through success and failure, and seeing results in obtaining and maintaining student numbers. Not all students have the ability to attend more traditional programs, either as full-time, on campus students, or even as part-time, extended over a loner period of time. More and more students are noted as individuals with families, full time employment, life changes that have facilitated seeking out continuing education, and wanting to improve the quality of their own lives, along with the lives of their families and communities. Education is moving away from the classroom environment to a more realistic approach to being able to apply acquired knowledge to real life and to be able to implement that very knowledge to every day life. Works Cited Gallagher, S. 2003. Maximum profit and ROI in distance ed: Planning to refine or launch your online learning programs? University Press, May 2003. Gruendemann, B. 2007. Distance learning and perioperative nursing. AORN Journal. March 2007. Gundrum, Gretchen. 2007. Indian reservations: Land for the Indian? MLA formatted research paper. April 2007. Wallner, M.; Okamoto, S.; Hankerson, A.; Hibbeler, T.; Hibbeler, P.; McIntyre, P.; and McAllen-Walker, R. The hoop of learning: A holistic, multi-systemic model for facilitating educational resilience among indigenous students. Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare. March 2002. Northwest Indian College Oglala Lakota College

How Executives Should Answer One Scary Interview Question Who Wrote Your Resume

How Executives Should Answer One Scary Interview Question Who Wrote Your Resume Should executives write their own resumes? As an executive resume writer, I run into a certain number of people who believe every job candidate, regardless of industry, should write his or her own resume. While I agree very strongly that students should write their own academic papers and college application essays, I think very differently about whether executives should write their own resumes. Think about it. Executives are not being judged on their ability to format a beautiful document and craft powerful bullets about themselves. They have not spent years studying and practicing the art of resume writing. What is an executive’s job? All C-Level executives need forward-thinking strategy skills and the ability to manage and motivate teams. A CTO needs to know technology. A CFO needs to know finance. A CMO needs to know marketing. A CEO needs to implement high-level strategy; ensure that teams are functioning optimally; make key decisions that serve the best interest of both the company and its customers; keep operations running smoothly; and liaise between the board of directors and corporate operations. Nowhere in this list is being a great writer, graphic designer, or resume bullet crafter. So why should an executive ever write his or her own resume? I can’t think of a reason. In fact, the most talented and accomplished executive could be undersold and undercut by a self-constructed resume. And isn’t an executive’s job to delegate responsibility to others rather than get caught in the weeds? Successful executives are universally interested in leveraging their time. They do not have 10 hours to spend wrestling over how to present their accomplishments in writing. They would rather pay someone to do what that person does well, in service of a great result. The interview question Given all this, what should you do if you are an executive and in an interview, you are asked who wrote your resume? One hiring manager, whom I will call Mike, used that â€Å"trick† question to vet candidates. He writes, â€Å"I found out a lot by the reaction to that question. The best response I ever heard was an unruffled ‘I contracted with someone good in that business. Look, [Mike], you are interviewing me for the Chief Technical Officer position. I care about the quality of the end result. I dont write software as well as some of the folks in the Engineering group. I dont write resumes as well as the service. Quality of outcome and cost count.’† Mike continues, â€Å"Ive seen some candidates get flustered and talk in circles. I even had one candidate claim he wrote it, only to interrupt me ten minutes later to contradict himself.† I was struck in this story by the attributes this successful candidate’s answer showed: integrity, honesty, decisiveness, the ability to stay clear under pressure, a results focus, and a commitment to finding the best people to do any job. Those are qualities I would want in an executive. Executive responsibilities as a job candidate Even when someone else writes your executive resume, you go through the process of getting very clear about the challenges you faced, the actions you took, and the results you achieved. That is each executive’s work to do, with the support of a resume writer if desired. My advice is to put your best foot forward, and to leverage your resources optimally to do that. What do you think about executives writing their own resumes? Do you have any other favorite, revealing interview questions you want to share? Please comment below!

Issues in the Field of Engineering Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Issues in the Field of Engineering - Essay Example The National Academy of Engineering has recognized 14 grand challenges to the field of engineering in the 21st century. Managing nitrogen cycle is one of those 14 challenges that require immediate intervention (University of Iowa). Although the academic literature and previous studies have paid less attention to this issue compared to other challenges like global warming or climate change, it is really a sensitive problem that can have terrible impacts on ecosystems and public health. The human-induced disruptions of the global nitrogen cycle result in serious engineering challenges. The nitrogen cycle plays a central role in the production of food, and hence it reflects a crucial aspect of energy needs. The National Academy of Engineering describes in their web article â€Å"Manage the nitrogen cycle† that Nitrogen cycle is considered as a process where the chemistry of Earth and life meets together as plants extract nitrogen from their surrounding environment to make food. Regulating the impacts of agriculture on the global nitrogen cycle turns out to be a growing challenge to the concept of sustainable development. According to the article â€Å"Manage the nitrogen cycle,† amino acids (building blocks of proteins) and nucleotides (building blocks of DNA) contain nitrogen as a major component, and hence all living things need this element. Nitrogen is supplied in inexhaustible amounts in our planet – nitrogen makes up nearly four-fifths of the earth’s atmosphere and is present in the form of nitrogen molecules (National Academy of E ngineering). However, the atmospheric nitrogen is not readily available for living organisms because nitrogen molecules rarely enter into chemical reactions. Dincer and Zamfirescu point out in their book that the large scale energy released from lightning strikes or the chemical abilities of some microbes

Finance Personal Statment Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Finance Statment - Personal Statement Example I am motivated to beat the odds and change the Saudi Arabia culture in order to open the doors to female workers to aspire higher professional goals. I want to join your program for several reasons. One of my career goals is to pursue a career in teaching in the future. Most universities require its professor’s to hold PhD degrees. During the first year of the program I hope to get acquainted with the faculty and sharpened my research skills in order to select a good topic for my thesis. I am very passionate about finance. In high school I started following local and international stock markets and reading the financial page of the newspaper. A few years later once the internet arrived at my country I had greater access to articles and financial news. I wanted to study finance at the university, but they did not teach it for girls at that time in Saudi and my parents did not allow me to study abroad for cultural reasons. This led me to choose accounting as my major. Accounting is often regarded as the cousin to finance since both practices are interrelated. I got married in my last year of college on October 2001 and had my first child in 2003 and my second in 2005. Since 2002 I was signing petitions to allow women to enter Saudi organization of certified public accountants so they can hold the Saudi CPA. Finally in 2004 the acceptance was granted. I am a goal oriented, assertive, self motivated, and a hard worker that is not afraid of a challenge. I am also ambitious, a good analyzer, team player, and a great leader. I am aware of the impotents of self development. I have attended several workshops on the subject. In the latest which was about women leadership, the presenter asked what about the main challenges Saudi women faced while doing their dissertation. I thought a professional women network could be the solution. I took the initiative and

Physician Responsibilities and A Breach of Contract Research Paper

Physician Responsibilities and A Breach of Contract - Research Paper Example The physician should also offer the patient with resources to help find another physician. Pozgar (2011) argues the physician should, with the written consent of the patient, transfer patient records to the new physician. The administrator of the hospital should give details on the legal boundaries of the physician-patient relationship. The patient should, for instance, be made aware that the contract between them and the physician is a fiduciary one, not financial. Similarly, the administrator should ensure that the physician explains the difference between patient abandonment and legal contract termination to the patient. In most cases, strict liability applies to product manufacturers whose products cause harm to patients but not to hospitals and physicians who use these products on patients. However, in some cases a physician may be liable to legal action if they use drugs, radiations, medical devices, and conduct blood transfusions using faulty products (Miller, 2008). 3a. Why it is easier for a patient to prove breach of contract as opposed to negligence, when a physician covering for the patient’s regular physician gives the patient medication that causes severe reaction In case a patient suffers damage at the hands of a physician who is covering for the patient’s regular physician, it is hard to press for negligence charges since it cannot be proven that the physician failed to provide the necessary care due to recklessness or heedlessness. According to Miller (2008) a patient who suffers damage because of malpractice on the part of the covering physician can file a case for breach of contract. This is particularly the case when the regular physician fails to give enough reason for failing to attend to the patient. The contract between a patient and a physician may be breached if the physician promises to use a specific procedure but